( ISSN 2277 - 9809 (online) ISSN 2348 - 9359 (Print) ) New DOI : 10.32804/IRJMSH

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FORENSIC SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS: PROFESSIONAL ETHICS, QUALITY AND JUSTICE

    1 Author(s):  SURENDRA KUMAR

Vol -  7, Issue- 1 ,         Page(s) : 270 - 279  (2016 ) DOI : https://doi.org/10.32804/IRJMSH

Abstract

Forensic science, the sibling of the discipline of law, is the application of science to law. It can be considered as a discipline helpful for the effective enforcement of the laws and rules of conduct. It helps the criminal justice system by supplying valuable information, which cannot be detected solely with the help of legal brain. In reality there is no such separate discipline known as forensic science; it is rather a blend of various scientific disciplines like biology, physics, chemistry and other related scientific subjects. Thou

1. Frabkena W.,  Ethics,  supra   n.2,  at pp.34  - 60;  Rachels J.  The  Elements   of  Moral Philosophy  (2nd   ed. McGraw-Hili   Inc., New York,  1993), pp.90- 116.
2. Peterson  and Murdock,  "Forensic  Sciences  Ethics.  Developing  an Integrated  System of Support  and Enforcement",   3-4 J. Forensic  Sci. 749, at 751(1989).
3. s      Code  of  Ethics  for  the  America i Academy   of  Forensic   Science,   31  (3) J   Forensic Sci. 798-799  (1986).
4. "IXth   All   India   Forensic    Science   Conference",     Shimla   (1995)   Bureau   of   Police Research   and  Development,    (Ministry  of  Home  Affairs,   Government   of India,  New Delhi),  p.411.
5. Don Harper  Mills, A Special  Communication,   "Comments   from the  Perspective  of the AAFS  Ethics  Committee  Chairman",  42(6)  J  Forensic  Sci.  1207-1208  (1997).
6. Oliver   C.   Schroeder.  JR,   "Ethical   and   Moral   Dimensions   in  Forensic    Science",
7. Journal  of Forensic  Science  Society  27 at pp.31and  32 (1986).
8. John  F.  Kelly  and  Phillip  K.  Wearne,   Tainting   Evidence:   Inside  the  Scandals   at  the FBI Crime  Lab  (The  Free  Press,  Denver  Post  Online:  Books  and Authors)   7/2512003 http://63.147.65.175/books/chap17:3.htm
9. Ibid.  at pp.8-9.
10. Recently John F. Kelly and Phillip K. Wearne in their article has stated that  "In the cauldron  of the courtroom,  testifying beyond one's  expertise  becomes  common, especially  under  the   FBI's  system,  where   auxiliary  examiners,   often  civilian scientists, actually do the tests, but principal examiners, invariably FBI agents, have tended to do the testifying. All too often  the fingerprint expert is invited to comment or even speculate on the bloodstains, the firearms  expert on the nature of the bomb explosive, the documents examiner on the tool marks. When  only one  expert  is appearing in a multidiscipline case,  it's tempting for prosecutors or defense lawyers to go for an opinion; it's also tempting for examiners to embellish, exaggerate, or even lie about their credentials...." John  F. Kelly and  Phillip K. Wearne,  Tainting Evidence,  supra  n.9, at p.16.
11.   Starrs, "Mountebanks Among  Forensic Scientists"  in R.  Saferstein (ed.) Forensic Science  Handbook  (1988),  pp.7, 20-29.
12. Tracy  Peerage Case,  10 CI &  F 154 (1843) as cited  in  James  E. Starrs, "The Forensic   Scientist  and  the  open  mind",  31(2)  Journal   of  Forensic   Science   SOCiety 111-149  (1991).

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