( ISSN 2277 - 9809 (online) ISSN 2348 - 9359 (Print) ) New DOI : 10.32804/IRJMSH

Impact Factor* - 6.2311


**Need Help in Content editing, Data Analysis.

Research Gateway

Adv For Editing Content

   No of Download : 254    Submit Your Rating     Cite This   Download        Certificate

EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY ON SOCIAL SKILLS OF CHILDREN

    3 Author(s):  TINA FERNANDES , NANDINI SANYAL , SHAHNEELA SHAIKH

Vol -  6, Issue- 2 ,         Page(s) : 176 - 189  (2015 ) DOI : https://doi.org/10.32804/IRJMSH

Abstract

Technology has ushered in a new era of mass media, bringing with it great promise and great concerns about the effect on children’s development and wellbeing (Wartella& Jennings, 2000). Marlowe (1986) wrote that social skill is the ability to understand the feelings, thoughts and behavior of persons, in interpersonal situations and to act appropriately upon that understanding. This study aims to find the effect of frequent usage of technology on overall social skills and the six dimensions of social skills (viz., Presentation Skill, Interaction Skill, Conversation Skill, Social Integration, Attitude Towards Other Children, and Attitude Towards Adults) of children. The parents of arandomly selected sample of 60 students in the age range of 8-11 yearsresponded to an information schedule and to the Social Skills Problem Behavior Checklist (Mathur& Aurora, 2005).

1. Argyris, C. (1969). The Incompleteness of Social-Psychological Theory: Examples from Small. Assessing The Mentally Retarded (pp. 181-206). New York: Grune and Stratton. 
2. Barnes, B.J., & Hill, S. (1983). Should Young Children Work With Microcomputers-Logo Before Lego? The Computing Teacher, 10(9), 11-14.
3. Berman, R. (1977). Preschool Knowledge Of Language: What Five-Year Olds Know About Language Structure And Language Use. C. Pontecorvo (Ed.), Writing Development: An Interdisciplinary View (pp. 61-76). Amsterdam: John Benjamin’s Publishing.
4. Brooks-Gunn, J.&Donahue, E.H.(2008). “Introducing the Issue.” The Future of Children 18 (1), 3–10. Retrieved from: www.princeton.edu/futureofchildren/publications/docs/18_01_01.pdf
5. Buckleitner, W.(2009). “What Should a Preschooler Know about Technology.” Early Childhood Today.Retrieved from www.scholastic.com/browse/article.jsp?id=3751484.
6. Chambers, J. H., &Ascione, F. R. (1987).The Effects of Prosocial and Aggressive Video Games on Children’s Donating and Helping.Journal of Genetic Psychology, 148, 499 –505.
7. Chiong, C., & Shuler, C. (2010).Learning: Is There an App for That? Investigations of Young Children’s Usage and Learning with Mobile Devices and Apps.Retrieved from http://pbskids.org/read/files/cooney_learning_apps.pdf.
8. Christakis, D. A., et al. (2004). Early Television Exposure and Subsequent Attention Problems in Children.Pediatrics, 113, 708-713. 
9. Christoff, K.A.& Kelly, J.A. (1983).Social skills. In J.L. Matson & S.E. Beuning (Eds.), Assessing the Mentally Retarded (pp. 181-206). New York: Grune and Stratton. 
10. Coen, K. (2011). The Disadvantages of Gadgets on Students.Retrieved from http://www.ehow.com/info_12010788_disadvantages-gadgets-students.html.
11. Coie, J. D., & Dodge, K. A. (1983). Continuity of Children’s Social Status: A Five-Year Longitudinal Study. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 29, 261–282.
12. Corkern, A. (2009). The Negative Effect of Advancing Technology on Society.Retrieved from: http://goarticles.com/article/The-Negative-Effects-Of-Advancing-Technology-On-Society/1603242/.
13. Couse, L.J. & D.W. Chen (2010).A Tablet Computer for Young Children?Exploring Its Viability for Early Childhood Education.Journal of Research on Technology in Education.43 (1), 75–98.
14. Cowen, E. L., Pederson, A., Babigan, H., Izzo, L., &Trost, N. (1973). Long Term Follow-Up Behavior: A Selective Review and A New Evaluation. Criminology, 25, 671-714. 
15. DeLoache, J.S., Chiong, C., Sherman,K., Islam, N.,Vanderborght,M.,Troseth,G.L., Strouse, G.A.,&O’Doherty, K. (2010). “Do Babies Learn fromBaby Media?” Psychological Science21 (11), 1570–74. Retrieved from: http://pss.sagepub.com/content/21/11/1570
16. Druin, A. (1996). A Place Called Childhood. Interactions, 3(1), 17-22.
17. Druin, A., Hendler, J., Monte, J., Boltman, A., McAlister, B., Plaisant, A., Sumida, L., Plaisant, T., Olsen, H., Smith, R., &Kowasky, A. (1999).Designing PETS: A Personal Electronic Teller of Stories.Human Factors in Computing Systems(CHI 99).ACM Press.
18. Edutopia (2007).What Is Successful Technology Integration? Well-Integrated Use of Technology Resources by Thoroughly Trained Teachers Makes Twenty-First-Century Learning Possible. Retrieved from www.edutopia.org/technology-integration-guide-description
19. Elias, M. J., & Branden, L. R. (1988).Primary Prevention of Behavioral and Emotional Problems in School-Aged Populations.School Psychology Review, 17, 581 –592.
20. Ellen, A. W., Nancy, J. (2000). Children and computers: New Technology-Old Concerns. The Future of Children,10(2).
21. Friedrich, L. K., & Stein, A. H. (1973).Aggressive and Prosocial Television Programs and the Natural Behavior of Preschool Children.Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 38(4).
22. Gottfredson, G. D. (1987). Peer Group Interventions to Reduce the Risk of Delinquent Group Cognitive Consistency and Attribution Research.American Psychologist, 24, 893- 908.
23. Gresham, F.M., & Elliott, S.N. (1984).Assessment and Classification of Children’s Social Skills. A Review of Methods And Issues. School Psychology Review, 13, 292-301.
24. Guernsey, L. (2011a). “EdTech for the Younger Ones? Not Without Trained Teachers.” Huffington Post(blog), November 17.Retrieved from www.huffingtonpost.com/lisa-guernsey/edtech-fortheplaydough_b_1097277.html.
25. Hatch, K. E. (2011).Determining the Effects of Technology on Children.Senior Honors Projects.Paper 260.
26. Healy, J. (1998). Failure to Connect: How Computers Affect Our Children’s Minds.Simon & Schuster: New York. Retrieved from https://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/1935/1/Plowman%20et%20al%20Technologisation%20of%20childhood.pdf
27. Hops, H. (1983). Children’s Social Competence and Skill: Current Research Practices and Future   Directions. Behavior Therapy, 14, 3-18. 
28. Kamps, D. M., Tankersley, M., & Ellis, C. (2000). Social skills interventions for young at risk students: A 2 year follow- up study. Behavioural Disorders, 25, 310-324.
29. Kerawalla, L., &Crook, C.  (2002). “Children’s Computer Use at Home and at School: Context and Continuity.  British Educational Research Journal.28 (6), 751–71.
30. Kraut, R., Scherlis, W., Mukhopadhyay, T., Manning, J., &Kiesler, S. (1996). The HomeNet Field Trial of Residential Internet Services. Communications of the ACM, 39, 55-63.
31. Lee, S-J., Bartolic,S. &Vandewater, E.A. (2009).“Predicting Children’sMedia Use in the USA: Differences in Cross-Sectional and LongitudinalAnalysis.”British Journal of Developmental Psychology,27 (1), 123–43.
32. Lisenbee, P. (2009). Whiteboards and Websites: Digital Tools for the Early Childhood Curriculum. Young Children.64 (6), 92–95.
33. Malka, R. (2012). Disappearing Social Skills in the Techno Savvy World.Retrieved from: https://www.oaklandcc.edu/Essay/Docs/essays_12/4757%20%20Malka%20Rothenberg%20--%20HM.pdf.
34. Marlowe, H.A. (1986). Social Intelligence: Evidence for Multidimensionality and Construct and   Construct Independence.Journal of Educational Psychology, 78(1), 52-58.
35. Matson, J.L. (1994). Autism in children and adults: Etiology, assessment, and intervention. Pacific Grove, California: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company. Retrieved from: http://etd.lsu.edu/docs/available/etd-06082010-101827/unrestricted/JonathanWilkins.Dissertation.August2010.pdf
36. Mekinc, J. (2013). “Should We Be Considered About Children Use Of Internet?”Innovative Issues and Approaches in Social Sciences, 6(2).
37. Meyrowitz, J. (1985) No Sense of Place: The Impact of Electronic Media on Social Behaviour.Oxford: Oxford University Press. Retrieved from: http://arrow.dit.ie/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&context=cserrep.
38. Micheal, O. (2008). Generation Text: Raising Well-Adjusted Kids in an Age of Instant Everything. New York: AMACOM .Retrieved from:   http://www.teenink.com/opinion/movies_music_tv/article/444893/Technology-The-End-of-the-Future/.
39. Pagani, L.S., Fitzpatrick, C., Barnet, T. A.&Dubow, E. (2010).Study of Early Childhood TV   Exposure.Arch PediatrAdolesc Med. 2010;164(5):425-431. doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2010.50. 
40. Parker, J. G.& Asher, S. R. (1987). Peer Relations and Later Personal Adjustment: Are Low-Accepted Children At Risk? Psychological Bulletin, 102, 357–389.
41. Pasnik, S., Strother,S.,Schindel,J.,Penuel,W.R.&Llorente,C. (2007). Report to the Ready to Learn Initiative: Review of Research on Mediaand Young Children’s Literacy. Retrieved from:http://www.cpb.org/rtl/FindingsFromReadyToLearn2005-2010.pdf
42. Piaget, J. (1971). Psychology and Epistemology: Towards a theory of knowledge. New York: Viking Press
43. Piaget, J. (1973). To understand is to invent: The future of education. New York: Grossman .
44. Provenzo, E. F. (1991).Video Kids: Making Sense of Nintendo (pp 13, 26). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
45. Rideout, V.J., Lauricella A., &Wartella E. (2011).Children, Media, and Race: Media Use among White, Black, Hispanic, and Asian American Children.Retrieved from:http://web5.soc.northwestern.edu/cmhd/wpcontent/uploads/2011/06/SOCconfReportSingleFinal-1.pdf.
46. Rogow, F. (2007).Two View or Not Two View: A Review of the Research Literature on the Advisability of Television Viewing for Infants and Toddlers. Ithaca, NY: Insighters Educational Consulting.Retrieved from: www.kqed.org/assets/pdf/education/earlylearning/media-symposium/tv-undertwo-rogow.pdf?trackurl=true
47. Rule, B. G., & Ferguson, T. J. (1986).The Effects of Media Violence on Attitudes, Emotions, and Cognitions. Journal of Social Issues, 42:29–50.
48. Tamar L. (2010). If Your Kids Are Awake, They’re  Probably Online.Retrieved from:http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/20/education/20wired.html?_r=0.
49. Tobin, J. (1998) ‘An American Otaku (Or, A Boy's Virtual Life On The Net)’, In Digital Diversions: Youth Culture in the Age of Multimedia.J. Sefton-Green (ed.). London: UCL Press.
50. Tomopoulos, S., Dreyer, B.P.,Berkule,S.,Fierman, A.H.,Brockmeyer,C. &Mendelsohn, A.L.  (2010). Infant Media Exposure and Toddler Development.Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine,164 (12), 1105–11. 
51. Turow, J. (1999). The Internet and the Family: The View from the Parents, the View from the Press (Report No. 27). Retrieved from:http://www.annenbergpublicpolicycenter.org/wp-content/uploads/20000516_internet_and_family_report2.pdf
52. Vandewater, E.A., Rideout, V.J.,Wartella, E.A., Huang, X., Lee,J.H.  &Shim, M. (2007). Digital Childhood: Electronic Media and Technology Use among Infants, Toddlers, and Preschoolers.Pediatrics 119 (5):1006-1015. 
53. Wiegman, O.& van Schie, E. G. (1998). Video Game Playing and Its Relation with Aggressive and Prosocial Behavior.British Journal of Social Psychology, 37, 367–378.
54. Winn, M. (1984) Children without Childhood: Growing up too fast in a world of sex and drugs.Harmondsworth: Penguin Books

*Contents are provided by Authors of articles. Please contact us if you having any query.






Bank Details