( ISSN 2277 - 9809 (online) ISSN 2348 - 9359 (Print) ) New DOI : 10.32804/IRJMSH

Impact Factor* - 6.2311


**Need Help in Content editing, Data Analysis.

Research Gateway

Adv For Editing Content

   No of Download : 131    Submit Your Rating     Cite This   Download        Certificate

DISCUSSION ON VARIOUS COMPONENTS OF WATER BALANCE ACCOUNT

    1 Author(s):  NARESH KUMAR

Vol -  8, Issue- 1 ,         Page(s) : 452 - 461  (2017 ) DOI : https://doi.org/10.32804/IRJMSH

Abstract

The Indus basin is one of the oldest, largest and now the most populated amongst the river basins of the world. It has practiced irrigation to overcome the problems due to low and uncertain rainfall and ever increasing demand for food, fiber and fodder, while having a fertile land mass and a large river system criss-crossing it. Irrigation water basically enables supply of nutrients to a crop during its growth process and takes care of its evapotranspiration needs. Application of water in quantity more than these needs is often required for effective wetting and to keep the subsoil salts at lower horizons beyond the root zone. The sub soils and the layout of the land have a natural yet a finite capacity to drain off the excess water. Failure to drain away the excess water allows water to accumulate and cause water logging in the root zone which blocks aeration and impedes normal plant growth. With the induction of canal irrigation during the nineteenth century, the twin problem of water logging and soil salinity gradually developed. The twin menace has depleted the agricultural potential of irrigation lands to some extent.

1. Ali, S and S. D. Ripley (1987). Compact bandbook of the birds of India and Pakistan. 2nd Edn. Oxford University Press, Bombay. 
2. Anonymous (2000). The Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972, with amendments. Govt. of India. 
3. Anonymous (2004). Studies of faunal diversity in Thar Desert of Rajasthan. Zoological Survey of India, report submitted to Ministry of Environment and Forest, Govt. of India.
4. Baqri, Q. H. and P. L. Kankane (2002). Deserts : Thar. Pp 93-109. In Ecosystems of India (eds. J.R.B. Alfred, Das, A. K., and Sanyal, A.K.). ENVIS-Zool. Surv. India, Kolkata. 1-410.
5. Barnes, H. E. (1886). Birds of nesting in Rajputana. J. Bombay. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1: 38-62.
6. Dabadghao, P. M. and K. A. Shankarnarayan (1973). The grass cover of India. Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi. 
7. Grimmett, R., Inskipp, C. and Inskipp, T. (1999). Birds of Indian Subcontinent, Christopher Helm, London. 
8. Gupta, R. K. (1975). Plant life in the Thar, pp 202-236, In Environmental analysis of Thar Desert. (Eds. R. K. Gupta and I. Prakash). English Book Depot, Dehradun. 
9. Krishnan, M. S. (1982). Geology of India and Burma. CBS Publishers and Distributors, Delhi. 
10. Kumar, A. (2004). Records of some new avian species in Thar Desert of Rajasthan. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 101 (2) : 326-328.
11. Manakadan, R. and Pittie, A. (2001). Standardised common and scientific names of the birds of the Indian Sub-continent. Buceros, 6(1): 1-37.
12. Prakash, I. and P. K. Ghosh (1963). The Great Indian Bustard in Rajasthan Desert. Newsletter for Birdwatchers, 3:4.
13. Prakash, I. and P. K. Ghosh (1964). The Great Bustard breeding in Rajasthan. I bid, 3:2.
14. Rahmani, A. R. (1997). Wildlife in Thar. World Wildlife Fund, New Delhi. 100 pp.
15. Rana, B. D., A. P. Jain and R. S. Tripathi (1994). Avian diversity in an arid environment (Abstract). Meeting on gaps in research on the faunal diversity in the Thar Desert. Jodhpur, March 1994.
16. Sangha, H. S. (1995). Birds recorded in the Desert national park, Rajasthan, India. Unpublished report submitted to Oriental Bird Club, U.K. 
17. Sangha, H. S. (2002). A supplementary note on the avifauna of Thar Desert of Rajasthan. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc, 99(1) : 120-126.
18. Sharma, I. K. (1980). Ecological notes on the migratory birds of the Indian Thar Desert. Pavo, 18: 118-122.
19. Shetty, B.V. (1994). Flora of the Indian arid zone. Pp 55-63. In Sustainable Development of the Indian Arid Zone (eds. R.P. Singh and S. Singh), scientific Publishers, Jodhpur.
20. Whistler, H. (1938). The ornithological survey of Jodhpur state. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 40: 213-235.

*Contents are provided by Authors of articles. Please contact us if you having any query.






Bank Details