( ISSN 2277 - 9809 (online) ISSN 2348 - 9359 (Print) ) New DOI : 10.32804/IRJMSH

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GENESIS AND NATURE OF ARTICLE – 370

    1 Author(s):  PROF(DR)VEENUS JAIN

Vol -  7, Issue- 10 ,         Page(s) : 257 - 268  (2016 ) DOI : https://doi.org/10.32804/IRJMSH

Abstract

Ever since its inception, Article 370 has remained mired in controversy. No other provision of Indian Constitution has attracted as much attention and passion in the mind of an average Indian as this Article. The debate on this range from highly technical to highly emotional issues . The issue itself is not just legal or constitutional but embodies political dimensions of immense proportion. Both are inextricably entwined in a manner that makes the problem extremely complex. More than that, people need to know the implications and impact of this Article on the Indian Constitution as well as the politics of this subcontinent.

  1.  K.L. Bhatia, Jammu and Kashmir Article 370 of the Constitution of India (1st edn, Deep and Deep Publications, 1997) p 1 – 4
  2.  Kalhana, Rajtarangni, in sanskrit verses, composed in 12th century AD
  3.  Durga Das, Sardar Patel ‘s correspondence, 1945-50, Vol.  1. 1971, ixxi, et. al.
  4.   Jyoteeshwar  Pathik, Glimpses of History of Jammu & Kashmir, Anmol Publication Pvt Ltd
  5.  Sir William Barton, The Princes of India, London, 1934
  6.  See original text of Treaty of Amritsar, 1864
  7.  See the original text of Instrument of Accession signed by Maharaja Hari Singh and Lord Mountbatten on 26 October , 1947
  8.   V. P. Menon, The Story Of Integration Of Indian States, 1956
  9.  Justice A. S. Anand, The Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir (7th edn, Universal Law Publishing Co.2013) 67
  10.  Justice A. S. Anand, The Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir (7th edn, Universal Law Publishing Co.2013) 48
  11.   Arvind Lavakre, The truth about Article 370 (Rambhau Mhalgi Prabodhini 2005) 9
  12.  See Constitution of Jammu & Kashmir, 1939
  13.  All India Staes People conference, Kashmir, Bombay, 1939 p.19
  14.   Michael Brecher, The Struggle for Kashmir, p 7
  15.   Michael Brecher, The Struggle for Kashmir, p 11
  16.  New Kashmir Manifesto , Kashmir Bureau of Information, new Kashmir, New Delhi, op. ct. , sec. 2
  17.  Ibid , Reprint , 1948
  18.  M. C. Mahajan, Accession of Kashmir to India (Sholapur)
  19.  K.L. Bhatia, Jammu and Kashmir Article 370 of the Constitution of India (1st edn, Deep and Deep Publications, 1997)17
  20.  Ibid 16-17
  21.  P.B. Gajendragadkar Kashmir Retrospect And Prospect, p 48-49
  22.   W.N. Brown, The United States and India and Pakistan (Cambridge 1953) 162
  23.  White Papers on Jammu and Kashmir, p 6-13
  24.  K.L. Bhatia, Jammu and Kashmir Article 370 of the Constitution of India (1st edn, Deep and Deep Publications, 1997) 22-23
  25.  Ibid 21
  26.   Margaret Bourke-White, Halfway to Freedom p 208
  27.  Extract of Maharaja Hari Singh’s letter to  Lord Mountbatten  dated 26 October 1947
  28.  K.L. Bhatia, Jammu and Kashmir Article 370 of the Constitution of India (1st edn, Deep and Deep Publications, 1997) p 22-23
  29.  A. S. Anand, The Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir (7th edn, Universal Law Publishing Co.2013) 47
  30.  Ibid 46-47
  31.  K.L. Bhatia, Jammu and Kashmir Article 370 of the Constitution of India (1st edn, Deep and Deep Publications, 1997) 24
  32.   Arvind Lavakre, The truth about Article 370 (Rambhau Mhalgi Prabodhini 2005) 13-14
  33.  Ibid
  34.  Ibid  19
  35.  Ibid. p 17 & Forwarding letter of Dr BR Ambedkar, to Dr Rajender Prasad dated 21st February 1948
  36.  A. S. Anand, The Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir (7th edn, Universal Law Publishing Co.2013)
  37.  Constitutent Assembly Debates (India), Vol. X, No. 5
  38.   Arvind Lavakre, The truth about Article 370 (Rambhau Mhalgi Prabodhini 2005) 16
  39.   Constitutent Assembly Debates (India), Vol. X, No. 5
  40.  A. S. Anand, The Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir (7th edn, Universal Law Publishing Co.2013) 96
  41.  K.L. Bhatia, Article 370 of the Constitution of India (1st edn, Deep and Deep Publications, 1997) 39 
  42.  A. S. Anand, The Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir (7th edn, Universal Law Publishing Co.2013) 93
  43.   K.L. Bhatia, Article 370 of the Constitution of India (1st edn, Deep and Deep Publications, 1997)
  44.  Article 370(3), Constitution of India
  45.  K.L. Bhatia, Article 370 of the Constitution of India (1st edn, Deep and Deep Publications, 1997) 40
  46.   Justice A. S. Anand, The Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir (7th edn, Universal Law Publishing Co.2013) 92
  47.  Constituent Assembly Debates ( India ), Vol X, no 5,  p, 163
  48.   Jammu And Kashmir, Article 370 : law and Politics,  by A.G. Noorani, Front Line, Volume 17 – issue 19, Sep 16-29 , 2000
  49.   See original text Part XXI, Constitution Of India
  50.   See original text of Thirteenth Amendment Act, 1962
  51.   Arvind Lavakre, The truth about Article 370 (Rambhau Mhalgi Prabodhini 2005) 23-24
  52.   See original text of Article 370
  53.   A. S. Anand, The Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir, 7th edn, Universal Law Publishing Co.2013,  page 93
  54.   See original text of Clause (3) of Article 370 of the Constitution of India
  55.   AIR 1970, SC 1118
  56.   The modification that the Court alluded to was Ministry of Law order no. 44, dated 15th November, 1952 placed as ‘Explanation’ under Article 370 (1) (b) (ii)
  57.   Arvind Lavakre, The truth about Article 370 (Rambhau Mhalgi Prabodhini 2005) 24
  58.   Sec 3(b), The Constitution (Application to Jammu and Kashmir) Amendment Order, 1963.
  59.   See original text of Clause (3) of Article 370
  60.   Arvind Lavakre, The truth about Article 370 (Rambhau Mhalgi Prabodhini 2005) 29
  61.   Arvind Lavakre, The truth about Article 370 (Rambhau Mhalgi Prabodhini 2005) 45
  62.   See original text of The Constitutional (Application To Jammu And Kashmir ) Order, 1954 (C.O.48)
  63.  K.L. Bhatia, Article 370 of the Constitution of India (1st edn, Deep and Deep Publications, 1997)  p 42
  64.   State Autonomy Committee Report, p 63 quoted at page 28, Arvind Lavakre, The truth about Article 370 (Rambhau Mhalgi Prabodhini 2005) 23-24
  65.   Arvind Lavakre, The truth about Article 370 (Rambhau Mhalgi Prabodhini 2005) 66
  66.   K.L. Bhatia, Article 370 of the Constitution of India (1st edn, Deep and Deep Publications, 1997) 2
  67.   See The Constitution Application To Jammu And Kashmir  Amendment Order 1950, 54, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68,  69, 71, 72, 74, 75, 76, 77, 85, 86, 89, 93, 94 etc
  68.  K.L. Bhatia, Article 370 of the Constitution of India (1st edn, Deep and Deep Publications, 1997) 34
  69.   Arvind Lavakre, The truth about Article 370 (Rambhau Mhalgi Prabodhini 2005) 11-12
  70.  K.L. Bhatia, Article 370 of the Constitution of India (1st edn, Deep and Deep Publications, 1997) 35
  71.  K.L. Bhatia, Article 370 of the Constitution of India (1st edn, Deep and Deep Publications, 1997) Preface XI

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