Iron deficiency is a quite common nutritional disorder worldwide and is known to have an effect on about one third of the worldwide population. The prevalence of anemia as per NFHS-4 in children 6–59 months is 56.0% in urban and 59.5 % in rural area. And 56.8% in total population of children in age group of 5 years, which is highest in total population. The severity of anemia is differentiated by the severity of the reduction in RBC level. This study was conducted in population of 200 infants. Total 200 infants were categorized into 2 groups as control and anemic group from Sir Sunderlal Hospital, BHU, Varanasi to assess their prakriti and RBC volume. In the study maximum (more than 41%) infants were having pitta-kapha (21%) and kapha prakriti (20.5%). In this study maximum red blood cells of control group were observed in vata-pitta in pre study and in post study it was in vata prakriti. Whereas vata prakriti was having minimum red blood cells in pre study and in post study it was minimum in kapha prakriti. This trend means that red blood cells do not vary significantly as per prakriti of individual. In pre to post study p value was found to be significant (p=0.000) as there was difference in result value, which was clinically significant because of medical treatment. In hematological parameters, within the group comparison and between the group comparison, maximum mean difference (Mean± SD) of pre to post study were found statistically significant because of medical treatment.