( ISSN 2277 - 9809 (online) ISSN 2348 - 9359 (Print) ) New DOI : 10.32804/IRJMSH

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ROLE OF NGOS IN APPLICATION OF IHL IN NON-INTERNATIONAL ARMED CONFLICTS

    1 Author(s):  AMITA DEVI

Vol -  10, Issue- 4 ,         Page(s) : 628 - 632  (2019 ) DOI : https://doi.org/10.32804/IRJMSH

Abstract

. Pictet observed “IHL is a branch of International Law which is intended to alleviate human pain and suffering resulting from armed conflicts. D. Schindler said that “The expression humanitarian law was developed after World War II to focus attention on the protection of war victims (i.e. wounded and sick members of armed forces on land; wounded, sick, shipwrecked members of armed forces at sea; prisoners of war and civilians) and to establish a connection between the law of war, as it was then known, and human rights law” , which was then in its infancy. Indeed, both branches overlap in some respects. Both are informed by the same values since both are intended to protect human dignity.

See J. Pictet, Développement et principes du droit international humanitaire, Genève,Institut Henry Dunant/Paris,  Pédone, 1983, p.7; F. Kalshoven, Constraints on the Waging of War, Geneva, I.C.R.C., 1987,  at 1.
    See D. Schindler, “The International Committee of the Red Cross and Human Rights” (1979) 715 International Review of the Red Cross 3.
   Geneva Protocol II Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and Relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts, (1979) 1125 U.N.T.S. 609, A. Roberts/R. Guelff, Documents on  the Laws of War, 3rd ed., Oxford University Press, 2000, at 481.
   Juan Carlos Abella v. Argentina, Report No. 55/97, Case 11.137, Inter-Am. C.H.R. 271, OEA ser. L/V/11.98, doc.  6 rev. (1998)..
    Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Adoption of an        
    Additional Distinctive Emblem (Protocol III), 8 December 2005, (2006) 861 International Review of the Red  Cross 187. On line: www.icrc.org.
  . UN Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, (1951)78 UNTS 277;         
    Roberts/Guelff, op.cit., note 3, at 179.
  . Ottawa Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti- 
    Personnel Mines and on their Destruction, (1997) 36 ILM 1507;
 Roberts/Guelff op.cit., note 3, at 645.
  . Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, (1998) 37 ILM 999; Roberts/Guelff, op.cit., 
     note 3, at 667 (extracts).
 . Infra.
      Infra.
      Francois Bugnion, The Role of the Red Cross in the development of IHL, the ICRC and the  
          development of   HL, Chicago Journal of International Law, Summer 2004,University of Chicago,p.1
       J.Henry Dunant, A Memory of Solferino (ICRC 1986) (American Red Cross, Trans) Original French
          Addition,p.32-121
     Dunant, A Memory of Solferino, pp. 115-126.
  . The other principles are: humanity, impartiality, independence, voluntary service,unity, universality.
 .  See C. Dominicé, « La personnalité juridique internationale du CICR », in Swinarski, op.cit., note 5, at 663; P. Reuter, « La personnalité juridique internationale du Comité international de la Croix-Rouge », Id., at  782; J. A. Barberis, « El Comité internacional de la Cruz Roja como sujeto del derecho de gentes », Id., at 635.
 .     Bugnion, op.cit., note 18, at 21.
 .    Ibid., at 27-28
 .    See Roberts/Guelff, op.cit., note 3, at 195.
 .    Ibid., at 221.
 .   Ibid., at 67.
 .   Ibid., at 243.
     Ibid., at 299.
              Text featured  in ICRC publications, 19 June 2008
             Available at www.ICRC.org  visited on 20/04/ 2014.
              Art 53 of the statute of the movement.
  .See Military and Paramilitary Activities in and against Nicaragua, (Nicaragua v.United States of  
    America ), Merits, 1986 ICJ Rep. 14, para. 218.
  In the context of Chechnya, “the High Commissioner convinced that, the visits by the Special Mechanisms of the Commission on Human. Rights could play an important role in achieving the Progress in the Promotion of Human Rights. See, the Conclusions, Report of the High Commissioner for Human Rights on the situation in the Republic of Chechnya of the Russian Federation,” U.N. Doc. EICN.4!2001136, 20 February 2001, at para 49.
    Available at  http://iihl.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/STRENGTHENING-MEASURES-FOR-THE-RESPECT-AND-IMPLEMENTATION-OF-INTERNATIONAL-HUMANITARIAN-LAW-AND-OTHER-RULES.pdf  access on 09/08/2019  on 02:30 pm.

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