1. What is New Media?Vin Crosbie, 1998 (revised to include world usage figures and Napster example, 2002
2. Lev Manovich, New Media from Borges to HTML, Wardrip-Fruin, Noah and Nick Montfort, ed (2003). The New Media Reader. pp.16-23. The MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-23227-8.
3. Making sense of a changing new media world-guardian.co.uk
4. Defining New Media Isn’t Easy: By Bailey Socha and Barbara Eber-Schmid . newmedia.org