INTRODUCTION Political institutions are organizations which create, enforce, and apply laws; that mediate conflict; make (governmental) policy on the economy and social systems; and otherwise provide representation for the populous. Examples of such political institutions include political parties, tradeunions, and the (legal) courts. The term 'Political Institutions' may also refer to the recognized structure of rules and principles within which the above organizations operate, including such concepts as the right to vote, responsible government, and accountability.Egypt got independence from British colonial rule in 1922 and instituted a constitutional, parliamentary monarchy, which remained in place until 1952. The institutional development in Egypt started with Mohammed Ali’s decree of 1824 which established Majhlis-al-Ali ( High Council) and Kedvive Imsa’il’s Majhlis Shura al-Nuwab (Council of Deputies) followed by the liberal constitution formed in 1923 and a number of Constitutional declarations drafted by military rulers after revolution of 1952. The nationalist Wafd (“delegation”) party, which had led the domestic movement for Egyptian independence, dominated parliamentary elections throughout this period.