Abstract The valley of Kashmir has been praised by every historical personality who has spent time here or simply heard about it.Being a natural beauty,it has also a colourful history especially its socio- religious history .Situated at the apex of the indo Pakistan sub continent,Kashmir derives considerable importance from its geographical congruity to the principal states of central asia ,from the fact that the frontiers of pakistan,Afghanistan,the soviet union and china meet in the vicinity of Kashmiris north most border1Small indeed the country may seem by the side of the great plains that extend in the south, and confined the history of which it was the scene. And yet, just asthe natural attractions of the valley have won it fame beyond the frontiers of India, thus too the interest attaching to its history far exceeds the narrow geographical limits.The valley of Kashmir, an irregular oval of land, is one of the most beautiful places in the world. On a map the valley appears remote and landlocked,extending for no more than ninety miles, isolated by successive ranges of the Himalayan mountains high above the plains of the sub-continent. Its apparent impregnability is, however, illusory.