1. The United Nations, Office of the High Commissioner of Human Rights, What are human rights?, Retrieved August 14, 2014
2. Merriam-Webster dictionary, Retrieved August 14, 2014, "rights (as freedom from unlawful imprisonment, torture, and execution) regarded as belonging fundamentally to all persons".
3. J.N. Saxena, “Legal Status of Refugees: Indian Position”, Indian Journal of International Law, vol. 26 (1986), p. 501.
4. H. Knox Thames, “India’s Failure to Adequately Protect Refugees”, Human Rights Brief, (Issue I, 1999), p.7; (Centre for Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, Washington College of Law), p.20.
5. DJ Harris, M O’Boyle, C Warbrick, Law of the European Convention on Human Rights, Butterworths, London, 1995
6. Claire Reid, “International Law and Legal Instruments”, available at: http://www.forced migration.org/.
7. Brian Gorlick, “Refugee and Human Rights”, Seminar (1998 Spring), p. 19.
8. Gil Loescher, “Refugees, A Global Human Rights and Security Crises’ in Dunne and Wheel, Human Rights in Global Politics, (1999), p. 245
9. See, “The Barriers are Going Up”, Refugees : (1998 spring), p. 19.
10. Ibid
11. UNHCR. Human Rights and Refugee Protection. Self-study Module 5, Vol. 1, 15 December 2006, p.23.
12. Ibid. p.24.
13. Ibid.
14. Ibid.
15. Ibid.
16. 1951 United Nations Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, 28 July 1951, 189 UNTS 137, as updated by the 1967 Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees, 31 January 1967, 606 UNTS 267; these instruments are also reproduced in the Handbook on Procedures and Criteria for Determining Refugee Status which is available from UNHCR Geneva. According to UNHCR’s RefWorld CD-ROM (7th ed., January 1999) there are presently 136 state parties to either the 1951 Refugee Convention and 1967 Protocol, and 43 state parties to the 1969 OAU Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa.`
17. Guy S Goodwin-Gill, The Refugee in International Law, 2nd edition, Clarendon Press, Oxford (1996) at pp 20-25.
18. Ivor C Jackson, ‘The 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees: A Universal Basis for Protection’, IJRL vol 3, no 3 (1991).
19. Keynote Address of Professor James Hathaway at New Delhi Workshop on International Refugee Law’, Indian Journal of International Law, vol 39, no 1, January-March 1999, at p. 11.
20. Goodwin-Gill. On the basis of state and international organization practice, the above core of meaning represents the content of the term ‘refugee’ in general international law. Grey areas nevertheless remain [....]” op cit, at p 29.
21. Philip Alston (ed), The United Nations and Human Rights: A Critical Appraisal, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1992.
22. See Chapter 2 of The State of the World’s Refugees, ‘Defending refugee rights’, UNHCR (1997); and William Clarence, ‘Field Strategy for the Protection of Human Rights’, IJRL, vol 9, no 2 (1997).
23. A Practical Guide to Capacity Building as a feature of UNHCR’s Humanitarian Programmes’ Geneva 1999.
24. The UN and Refugees’ Human Rights: A manual on how UN human rights mechanisms can protect the rights of refugees, Amnesty International and the International Service for Human Rights (1997).
25. The High Commissioner for Refugees highlighted these particular activities in her address to the Commission on Human Rights in 1995.